If you are fascinated by ancient history and culture, you might want to visit some of the ancient ruins in Rome. Rome is a city that preserves the legacy of one of the most influential civilizations in history, and offers a glimpse into the past through its impressive monuments and archaeological sites.
In this article, we will explore some of the top ancient ruins in Rome that should be on your itinerary, and learn about their history and significance. Whether you are interested in architecture, art, religion, or politics, you will find something to marvel at in these ancient wonders.
1. Colosseum
The Colosseum is probably the most iconic and famous ancient ruin in Rome, and one of the largest amphitheaters ever built. It was constructed in the 1st century AD by Emperor Vespasian and his son Titus, and could hold up to 80,000 spectators who came to watch gladiator fights, animal hunts, executions, and other spectacles. The Colosseum was a symbol of the power and glory of the Roman Empire, as well as a place of entertainment and socialization for the people.
2. Pantheon
The Pantheon is another masterpiece of ancient Roman architecture that still stands today. It was built in the 2nd century AD by Emperor Hadrian as a temple dedicated to all the gods of Rome. The Pantheon is famous for its dome, which is the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world, and has an oculus (a circular opening) at its center that allows natural light to enter. The Pantheon is also a burial place for some of Italy's most illustrious figures, such as Raphael, Victor Emmanuel II, and Umberto I.
3. Roman Forum
The Roman Forum was the political and social center of ancient Rome, where public speeches, trials, elections, ceremonies, and markets took place. It was also a religious site, where temples and shrines were erected to honor various gods and goddesses. The Roman Forum was a complex of buildings and monuments that spanned several centuries of Roman history, and witnessed some of the most important events and personalities of the ancient world. Today, you can walk among the ruins of the forum and imagine how it looked like in its heyday.
4. Palatine Hill
The Palatine Hill is one of the seven hills of Rome, and the most ancient part of the city. According to legend, it was here that Romulus founded Rome after killing his brother Remus. The Palatine Hill was also the location of the imperial palaces, where emperors and aristocrats lived in luxury and splendor. The Palatine Hill offers a panoramic view of the city and its surroundings, as well as some of the most impressive archaeological remains of ancient Rome.
5. Roman Catacombs
The Roman Catacombs are underground burial chambers that date back to the 2nd century AD. They were used by Christians and Jews who did not practice cremation as a way of disposing their dead. The catacombs are composed of narrow tunnels and chambers that are decorated with frescoes, inscriptions, and symbols that reflect the beliefs and hopes of the people who were buried there. The catacombs are a testimony to the religious diversity and tolerance that existed in ancient Rome.
6. Appian Way
The Appian Way was one of the most important roads in ancient Rome, connecting the city with southern Italy and beyond. It was built in the 4th century BC by Appius Claudius Caecus, a Roman censor who wanted to facilitate trade and military movements. The Appian Way was lined with tombs, monuments, villas, and aqueducts that showcase the engineering skills and artistic achievements of the Romans. The Appian Way is still preserved today as a historical and cultural route that you can explore by foot or bike.
7. Circus Maximus
The Circus Maximus was a huge stadium that hosted chariot races and other public events in ancient Rome. It was located between the Palatine Hill and Aventine Hill, and could accommodate up to 250,000 spectators. The Circus Maximus was not only a place of entertainment but also a place of gambling, politics, and social interaction. The Circus Maximus was also the scene of some tragic events, such as fires, riots, and massacres. Today, you can see the remains of the track and seating areas that once formed this magnificent venue.
8. Via Sacra
The Via Sacra (Sacred Way) was a street that ran through the Roman Forum and connected some of the most important temples and monuments in ancient Rome. It was also a ceremonial route that was used for triumphal processions, religious festivals, and funerals. The Via Sacra was a witness to the history and culture of ancient Rome, and a place where you can admire some of the most remarkable ruins in the city.
9. Domus Aurea
The Domus Aurea (Golden House) was a lavish palace that was built by Emperor Nero after the great fire of Rome in 64 AD. It covered a vast area of the city and featured gardens, fountains, statues, frescoes, and even an artificial lake. The Domus Aurea was a display of Nero's extravagance and tyranny, and was condemned by his successors who tried to erase his memory. The Domus Aurea was buried under rubble and forgotten for centuries, until it was rediscovered in the 15th century by accident. Today, you can visit the Domus Aurea and see some of the stunning frescoes that have survived the test of time.
In this following video, let’s explore another 10 amazing ruins from Ancient Rome in and near Rome, where you can experience stunning architecture up close WITHOUT the crowds and lines: